Which type of humeral neck fracture requires open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF)?

An anatomical neck fracture of the humerus often necessitates open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) due to the potential for significant displacement and the involvement of the vascular structures around the shoulder. This type of fracture can lead to complications such as avascular necrosis, especially in cases where there is disruption of the blood supply. Surgical stabilization through ORIF allows for proper alignment and fixation of the fracture fragments, promoting better healing and preserving the blood supply.

In contrast, surgical neck fractures can sometimes be managed with conservative treatment, particularly in cases with minimal displacement. The treatment approach can depend on factors such as the patient's age, activity level, and the specific characteristics of the fracture. However, when surgical intervention is necessary, it may not always require ORIF, as other methods such as intramedullary nailing or less invasive procedures can be utilized.

Understanding the distinction between the anatomical neck and the surgical neck in terms of treatment options is crucial in sports medicine, particularly when assessing shoulder injuries in athletes.