What complication is associated with an anatomical neck fracture of the humerus?

An anatomical neck fracture of the humerus is closely associated with the risk of avascular necrosis of the humeral head due to the interruption of the blood supply to the area. The humeral head receives its optimal blood flow primarily from the anterior and posterior circumflex arteries, which can be compromised by a fracture at the anatomical neck. Without an adequate blood supply, the bone tissue can begin to die, leading to avascular necrosis. This condition often leads to joint dysfunction, pain, and potential collapse of the humeral head, significantly affecting shoulder mobility and function.

Understanding this risk is crucial in managing humeral neck fractures since early recognition and appropriate intervention can help mitigate long-term complications. The other options may be associated with shoulder injuries or fractures generally, but they do not specifically relate to the unique complications seen with anatomical neck fractures in the same way avascular necrosis does.