Which nerve branch of the sciatic nerve innervates the short head of biceps femoris?

The short head of the biceps femoris is innervated by the peroneal (or common fibular) branch of the sciatic nerve. This anatomical detail is important for understanding lower limb function and addressing conditions like hamstring injuries. The biceps femoris has two heads: the long head, which is innervated by the tibial branch of the sciatic nerve, and the short head, which is specifically innervated by the peroneal branch.

This distinction is essential because it helps in diagnosing nerve injuries and understanding the mechanics of thigh musculature. The peroneal nerve is responsible for not just motor function to the short head of the biceps femoris, but also plays a role in sensory innervation to certain parts of the leg and foot.